logb, logbf, logbl
Header: <math.h>
1-3) Extracts the value of the unbiased radix-independent exponent from the floating-point argument arg, and returns it as a floating-point value.
# Declarations
float logbf( float arg );
(since C99)
double logb( double arg );
(since C99)
long double logbl( long double arg );
(since C99)
#define logb( arg )
(since C99)
# Parameters
arg: floating-point value
# Return value
If no errors occur, the unbiased exponent of arg is returned as a signed floating-point value.
# Notes
POSIX requires that a pole error occurs if arg is ±0.
The value of the exponent returned by logb is always 1 less than the exponent returned by frexp because of the different normalization requirements: for the exponent e returned by logb, |argr-e| is between 1 and r (typically between 1 and 2), but for the exponent e returned by frexp, |arg2-e| is between 0.5 and 1.
# Example
#include <fenv.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// #pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
int main(void)
{
double f = 123.45;
printf("Given the number %.2f or %a in hex,\n", f, f);
double f3;
double f2 = modf(f, &f3);
printf("modf() makes %.0f + %.2f\n", f3, f2);
int i;
f2 = frexp(f, &i);
printf("frexp() makes %f * 2^%d\n", f2, i);
i = logb(f);
printf("logb()/logb() make %f * %d^%d\n", f/scalbn(1.0, i), FLT_RADIX, i);
// error handling
feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);
printf("logb(0) = %f\n", logb(0));
if (fetestexcept(FE_DIVBYZERO))
puts(" FE_DIVBYZERO raised");
}