std::tolower

Header: <cctype>

Converts the given character to lowercase according to the character conversion rules defined by the currently installed C locale.

# Declarations

int tolower( int ch );

# Parameters

ch: character to be converted. If the value of ch is not representable as unsigned char and does not equal EOF, the behavior is undefined

# Return value

Lowercase version of ch or unmodified ch if no lowercase version is listed in the current C locale.

# Notes

Like all other functions from , the behavior of std::tolower is undefined if the argument’s value is neither representable as unsigned char nor equal to EOF. To use these functions safely with plain chars (or signed chars), the argument should first be converted to unsigned char:

Similarly, they should not be directly used with standard algorithms when the iterator’s value type is char or signed char. Instead, convert the value to unsigned char first:

# Example

#include <cctype>
#include <clocale>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    unsigned char c = '\xb4'; // the character Ž in ISO-8859-15
                              // but ´ (acute accent) in ISO-8859-1
 
    std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.iso88591");
    std::cout << std::hex << std::showbase;
    std::cout << "in iso8859-1, tolower('0xb4') gives " << std::tolower(c) << '\n';
    std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.iso885915");
    std::cout << "in iso8859-15, tolower('0xb4') gives " << std::tolower(c) << '\n';
}